Diagonal Scale Drawing

Three examples of diagonal scales follow. This scale would be used where the drawing is twice the m of the natural object and the draughtsman has to be able to measure on a scale accurate to 01 mm The longest natural dimension is 60 mm. This length is first divided into six 10 mm intervals. The first 10 mm is then divided into 10 pans, each 1 mm wide scaled Each of these 1 mm intervals is divided with a diagonal into 10 more equal parts To construct a diagonal seal.

The Line of Action or Strength

For a figure to attain an impression of equilibrium and rhythm, it is necessary for it to have an internal line, an imaginary line that extends across the length of the figure, in order to articulate its rhythmic effect. This structural line, known as the line of action, should be the basis for any drawing of a pose or movement. Working with lines of force allows us to approach the internal rhythm without the figure becoming unbalanced.

Painting on Rice Paper

Painting on crinkled rice paper helps you produce watercolors with an artsy look and sometimes an Asian feel. Rice paper is a thin, absorbent, see-through paper usually made in Japan. Some papers have designs embossed or imbedded in them. There are many beautiful types available at most art supply stores, and you can use other types of thin paper as well. Applying paint to rice paper forces the artist to let go of rigid edges and allow a little randomness to take over. Nature scenes work nicely...

Sectioning or crosshatching lines

When you go to a museum, you often see artefacts that have been cut up. For example, to illustrate how a petrol engine works, the cylinder block can be cut in half and the cut faces are invariably painted red. In engineering drawing, cross-hatching is the equivalent of painting something red. It is used to show the internal details of parts which otherwise would become too complex to show or dimension. The cross-hatch lines are usually equi-spaced and, for small parts, cover the whole of the...

The Way Architect Anna Nakamura Works

Anna Nakamura and Taiyo Jinno, creators of, Anna Nakamura+Taiyo Jinno EASTERN design office, have had an interest in architecture since their twenties, as they were travelling through the world and exploring the architecture of the world and Japan. At that time they were especially drawn to Islamic architecture, the Great Wall of China, the architecture of Luis Barragan, Japanese tea houses, Japanese Zen temple gardens, and cave dwellings .

Below Are Several Examples Of This Method Study The Various Applications

Perspective Drawing Methods

Suppose we wanted to divide face A of this object into two equal spaces, face B into four equal spaces, and the top into eight equal spaces. BELOW is the solution when each face is viewed head-on. AT RIGHT is the same solution in perspective. STEP 2 Connect point 7 to opposite lower corner and continue to horizon line. This gives us a special vanishing point for all guide lines parallel to this one. STEP 1 From lowest corner of face to be divided draw horizontal line and tick off the number of...

Gesture drawing

Human Drawings Sketches

When creating a character reference sheet, you draw the figure upright, and perhaps do a full turnaround. But usually you want your poses to be dynamic, or at the very least interesting. This is where gesture drawing comes in. A gesture drawing is made very fast, you shouldn't spend more than two minutes on it. Fast, but not frantic. Figure 2.47. Examples of gesture sketches Figure 2.47. Examples of gesture sketches Drawing is usually done from the arm, using the elbow and the shoulder. The...

Banshees The Essentials

Banshee Drawings

Banshees adopt families of pure Celtic blood and their unearthly wails pierce the air when death or disaster is about to befall them. Their keening is said to resemble a combination of a wild gooses screech, a wolfs howl and the pitiful cry of an abandoned child. If a member of the family goes out to look, the banshee may be seen sitting in the branches of a tall tree, silhouetted against the moon, combing her long black hair- The family member must be careful though, as if one of these hairs...

Setting Out Rods Joinery

Setting Out Brick Arch

To make this quite clear the architrave moulding shown in section at top of Fig. 4, and in detail at Fig. 5. contains, in its finished state, eleven arrises, which require eleven lines on the rod to indicate them. Now all that is required to draw the moulds are four lines, the inner and outer edges of each piece. When the stuff is cut to this shape, the machinist will automatically produce all the others with correctness, by working the face edge against the spindle, therefore these...

Dramatic Emotions

Anime Drawing Emotions

One of the hardest thing to draw an an rne characters occurs when they are about to cry, e spec ially the fe male. Th e process of cry in g is show n bel ow, p leas e foil ow th e ex amp les if you want to learn h ow t o draw it. Blinking one eye is very comrron for a nan ime character especial ly for female anime c hara cter. It's very easy to d raw, but beginner almo st mske t he same mistake. The important thing you need to know isth at the clo sing e e shoufcJ be drawn mid point ofthe...

Extension Lines

Extension Lines Drafting

No supplementary references are needed for this task. 1. Introduction In the previous three tasks, we covered orthographic projection, freehand drafting, drafting instruments, geometric construction, and pictorial drawings oblique and isometric. In this task, we will identify shop terms, abbreviations, and dimensioning elements found on shop drawings. A shop drawing is the drawing one uses to work from, since it contains all of the information necessary to make an object. 2. Dimensions,...

Drawing paper sizes

Engineering Drawing Scale Size

The British Standard BS8888 recommends that for normal practical purposes the area of the largest sheet is one square metre and the sides are in the ratio of The dimensions of the sheet are 841 mm x 1189 mm. For smaller sheets the longest side is progressively halved giving the designations and dimensions in Table 5.1. Since the AO size has the area of one square metre, paper weights are conveniently expressed in the unit 'grams per square metre'. Name of firm, Drawing number, Component name,...

60 Nice Sun Tattoos

The sun is essential for all of life. For thousands of years people have honored the sun, from worshipping it to just enjoying its beauty. There are all kinds of ways that the sun is honored great art and photos, naming of important establishments, and even some religions are dedicated to the sun. There is another way that people can honor our brightest star in the sky sun tattoos . Sun tattoos look totally amazing, and add a whole new look to a person.

Drawing llie Figure in Costume

Pencil Drawings The Female Figure

Most of the preparation a commercial artist goes through is to learn to draw figures in costume with all the elements right. When a man takes up art as a hobby he is free to do what interests him most. Rut if it is his vocation, the costumed figure is his chicf stock in trade, the thing he depends upon most. The effort put upon the study of light on form is brought into play. His knowledge of perspective in the figure and its environment is called upon. Light fulls on the costume too, the same...

Cranial Mass

Side View Human Head

The cranial mass is quite even and regular a simple, curved dome in general outline. The facial mass, on the other hand, is uneven and irregular a somewhat hard-cornered, triangular form. Cranial Mass, Three-Quarter Down View Cranial and Facial Masses, Th ree-Quarter View Seen from the side, the cranial mass curves upward from the mounded ridge of bone just above the rim of the eye socket. This is the superciliary arch or visor of the brow. Beginning at the frontal depression in the bridge of...

Perspective Drawing Of Staircase

Drawing Freehand Stairs Perspective

Drawing the first vanishing lines 1 A I The next step is to indicate the vanishing lines to the main point. Once all vanishing lines have been inserted it will be possible to outline the entire canopy on the strength of these new reference points and the estimated length and height of the canopy, which vanishes to the main point. We now draw in the spatial dimension, the step and grid for scraping off muddy shoes We should stress here that the utmost care and attention should be devoted to...

Structuring the Whole from Simple Forms

Human Structure Basic Drawing

To sketch a geometrical model we begin by selecting a composite outline in other words, a simple geometric shape on which we can inscribe whatever pose the figure assumes. In this way, the work will present from the start a more satisfactory visual layout.The use of compositional outlines in sketching is an efficient method for arranging the subject and adequately breaking up the pictorial space, thus helping to organize the elements of the drawing so that the viewers attention, and the focal...

Barns Grass Rocks and Water

Grass Sketch

At one time or another, you will wish to include other elements such as barns, grass, rocks or water in your landscape drawings. It's not enough just to have them in your picture, but careful consideration should be given to whether one will be the center of interest or a supporting character. Therefore, a knowledge of their construction and characteristics is important for drawing successful landscapes. Of the many things on the endangered species list, barns must be near the top. The next...

80 Crazy and Amazing Tattoo Designs for Men and Women

Do you love body art If yes then these crazy and amazing tattoo designs are surely going to blow your mind. It takes lots of skill and precision to do tattoo designs full of intricate detail. It doesn't matter whether you are first timer or tenth, we just have one thing on our mind to get you inspired to think out of box before planning your next tattooing session. The use of colors from black and white to vivid colors make the tattoos look unique and special.

More Tips for Drawing Gym Clothes

How Draw Anime Clothes

Wrinkles on the back typically appear around the shoulder blades and the waist. reflected light can give the buttocks of the trunks a feeling of volume. 05 reflected light can give the buttocks of the trunks a feeling of volume. 05 The jersey is smooth, but also has a certain weight. A series of wrinkles cascading from the breast line shows the thrust of the bust. The jersey is smooth, but also has a certain weight. A series of wrinkles cascading from the breast line shows the thrust of the...

Star Wars Characters Drawings

Now we must draw General Grievous' transmitting antenna. Draw a triangle like shape so that it look like it is sitting on the ear piece. Make sure you cut a half circle out of the triangle where the ear piece is as shown above. At this point our drawing is starting to take shape and is beginning to look like General Grievous.

Oblique projection

Oblique Drawing

Oblique projection is enother method of pictorial drawing. It is simpler than isometric but it does not present so realistic a picture. Fig. 6 1 shows a shaped block drawn in oblique projection There are three drawings of the same block in Fig. 6 1. They all show the front face of the block drawn in the plane of the paper and the side and top faces receding at 30 . 49 and 6C on the three drawings An oblique line is one which is neither vertical nor horizontal, and the receding lines in oblique...

Vertebral column

Subcutaneously The Base The Tail

The spine, or vertebral column, is made up of numerous individual vertebrae, and extends from the back of the skull to the tip of the tail. It is most flexible at the neck, made up of the cervical vertebrae, and somewhat less flexible in the region located between the rib cage and the pelvis, made up of the lumbar vertebrae. The thoracic vertebrae, located between the cervical and lumbar vertebrae, have the ribs attached to them. There is some movement possible in this region of the spine, but...

Express blows swelling bruises and the like with oblique lines and tones

Oblique Drawing

When there is cerebral hemorrhaging in the eyes adding a tone makes the eyes red. When showing ciose-ups add tones on top of the obiiqu lines to express red and black-and-blue swelling. When there is cerebral hemorrhaging in the eyes adding a tone makes the eyes red. after having the neck strangled. Adding oblique lines makes the area look bruised. Lacerations from a blade or knife should be sharp. This has been composed with the curved lines drawn along the curved facial sections. When showing...

Endomorph Mesomorph Ectomorph

Emaciated Endomorph

lt This natural style tells us that she has more important things to think about than her hair. Using specific body types when drawing fantasy figures helps to These figures have a hefty, rounded build, with a tendency to become fat Sumo characters are a perfect example. Endomorphs are used much less often than either mesomorphs or ectomorphs, and commonly appear as secondary characters, usually on the side of evil, in roles where the novelty of their size is fundamental. Endomorphs can be...

24 Beautiful Hello Kitty tattoos

My sister is a total nut for Hello Kitty. She has Hello Kitty cups, blankets, and towels. Her obsession continues with a Hello Kitty organizer and phone protector. She just loves the cute kids' character. This would be fine if my sister was 10, but she is actually 34 years old. For real. At 34 she is probably the biggest Hello Kitty fan on earth. Her preoccupation with the character has gone as far as to have Hello Kitty tattoos inked into her skin. To be honest, they look great on her.

Conic sectionsthe ellipse the parabola the hyperbola

Conic Section Dwg

Fig. 11 1 shows the five sections that can be obtained from a cone The tnangle and the circle have been discussed in earlier chapters this chapter looks at the remain -ing three sections, the ellipse, the parabola and the hyperbola These are three very important curves. The ellipse can vary m shape from almost a circle to almost a straight line and is often used in designs because of its pleasing shape The parabola can be seen m the shape of electnc fire reflectors, rader dishes and the main...

Dimensioning irregular curves

Dimensioning Curves

Irregular curves may be dimensioned by the use of ordinates. To illustrate the use of ordinates, a section through the hull of a boat is shown Fig. 14.14 . Since the hull is symmetrical about the vertical centre line it is not necessary to draw both halves in full and if the curve is presented in this manner then two short thick parallel lines are drawn at each end of the profile at right angles to the centre line. The outline is also extended slightly beyond the centre line to indicate that...

How To Draw Loci For Crank Mechanism

How Draw Crank Mechanism

A locus plural foci is tha path traced out by a point which moves under given definite conditions You may not have been aware ot it but you have met loo meny times before. One of the most common loci is that of a point which moves so that its distance from another fixed point remains constant, this produces a circle Another locus that you know is that ot a point which moves so that its distance from a line remains constant this produces parallel lines. Problems on loci can take several...

Exaggeration

Exaggeration Called

Exaggeration is the life of a cartoon or caricature. Really that is what they are exaggerations. The three forms of exaggeration in a humorous drawing are, exaggeration of form, expression, and action. However, exaggeration of the face and head in caricaturing is the purpose of this chapter, and exaggeration of action will be treated in a separate chapter on action. A caricature is an exaggerated drawing, having a likeness of one particular person. This statement raises the question of what to...

Intersection of regular solids

Intersection Two Cylinders

When two solids Interpenetrate, a line of intersection is formed. H is sometimes necessary to know the exact shape of this line, usually so that an accurate development of either or both of the solids can be drawn. This chapter shows the lines of intersection formed when some of the simpler geometric solids interpenetrate Two dissimilar equare prleme meeting at right The E E. shows where corners 1 and 3 meet the larger prism and these are projected across to the F.E. The plan shows where comers...

Specifying Datum Features at LMC

Secondary Datum Plane

Where a datum feature of size is specified on an LMC basis, a primary datum may be established as the axis or center plane of the LMC boundary. A secondary or tertiary datum may be established as the axis or center plane of the true geometric counterpart of the feature's virtual condition size. See para. 2.11 and Fig. 4-17. This example illustrates both secondary and tertiary datum features specified at LMC but simulated at virtual conditions. 4.5.6 Effects of Datum Precedence and Material...

Interpenetration

Interpenetration Humanities

Many objects are formed by a collection of geometrical shapes such as cubes, cones, spheres, cylinders, prisms, pyramids, etc., and where any two of these shapes meet, some sort of curve of intersection or interpenetration results. It is necessary to be able to draw these curves to complete drawings in orthographic projection or to draw patterns and developments. The following drawings show some of the most commonly found examples of interpenetration.

Absorption of Light

As we pointed out in Chapter 5, the mechanism for the production of color by materials is the selective removal of certain wavelengths (or energies) of light from the electromagnetic spectrum. The light penetrates into the material and encounters light-absorbing pigment particles for this selective removal to occur. A photon transfers all of its energy to the absorbing pigment and is lost, absorbed, that is, from the light beam. The nonabsorbed photons are scattered (or reflected) back from the...

Method of indicating surface finish and texture

Surface Finish Symbols

Section 6.3.1 above described parameters using lTnN However, no information was given concerning how these are added to features on a drawing. The methodology to do this is described in ISO 1302 2001. It is based on what is termed a 'tick symbol' that defines the SF and points to the surface in question via a leader line. Figure 6.13 shows the tick symbol with various descriptors surrounding it. The tick symbol is placed on the surface or an extension drawn to it. The basic tick comprises two...

Glowing Pencil Shade Drawing

Pencil Drawings Short Hair

With a pink rubber eraser, ihe artist removes most of the guidelines that appeared in Steps 1,2. and 3. Now he can see the lines of the profile and features more clearly and begin to block in the tone. Turning the thick pencil on its side, the artist begins to render the tones surrounding the eyes and nose, the cast shadow beneath the nose, the dark tone of the upper lip. and the pool of shadow beneath the lower lip. Broad, free strokes fill the underside of the jaw with shadow,...

Tonal Techniques

Colored Pencil Tonal Techniques

In the sense that graphite pencils work best with the linear form of expression, colored pencils work best with the tonal Tonal drawing refers to the effect produced by pencil strokes applied so closely together and so compactly that they appear to merge. This is done without smudging or rubbing, and the tones achieved in this way lose almost all suggestion of line. HOW TONE IS ACHIEVED WITH COLORED PENCILS Tones are made with a colored pencils point sharp, dull, or blunt or with its shaft the...

Chain lines

Chain Line Dimensioning

Particular care should be taken with chain lines to ensure that they are neatly applied and attention is drawn to the following points a All chain lines should start and finish with a long dash. b When centre points are defined, then the chain lines should cross one another at solid portions of the line. c Centre lines should extend for a short distance beyond the feature unless they are required for dimensioning or other purpose. Fig. 5.3 Example showing imaginary lines of intersection Fig....

Freehand sketching

Freehand Sketch Engineering

The bility to sketch neatly and accurately is one of the most useful attributes that a draughtsman can have. Freehand drawing is done on many occasions to explain a piece of design quickly to a colleague to develop e design see Fig. 16 10 and even to draw a map showing someone how to get from one piece to another. Technical sketching is a disciplined form of art. Objects must be drawn exactly as they are seen, not as one would like to see them. Neat accurate sketches are only achieved after...

Looking Sideways Side View

Drawing Eyes Side View

Seen from the side, the iris widens from a narrow black oval, when we are looking straight ahead A , to an ellipse, when we are looking somewhat to the side B . The amount of space between the iris and the eye corner steadily decreases. When the glance is directly to the side C , the iris fills our view of the eye. Its shape appears more circular, and white space has appeared on its far side. It's also widened the eye corner slightly D . The rim of the upper lid bulges above the iris A and B...

20 Cool Motorcycle Tattoos

Human beings are strange creatures, always turning things the other way round and gaining new knowledge where none exists. Tattoos continue to be part of the most recent hits in the beauty industry, but they seem to be getting the better of man as time goes by. From creatures to new machines appearing on the skin of man, even new symbols are also cropping up. The new brand in this category is the motorcycle tattoo.

14 Cool Fearless Tattoos Design

The fearless tattoo is one of the trending beauties taking the market by surprise. Perhaps the love of this tattoo stems from the fact that it shows no fear, which is quite encouraging to the person wearing it as well. Popular among men, this tattoo is one of the best, but only if you place it right ion one of the following three places. The wrist has always been a target for many tattoos that employ writings and the fearless tattoo is no exception.

Three Point Perspective Buildings

Vanishing Point Drawing Street

In storytelling, it is essential to explain the five Ws who, what, when, where and why. Novelists do this with words. Manga artists, however, can use background illustrations to tell much of the story One of the most important aspects of drawing manga is knowing how to convey a sense of time and place. If you are producing a manga based on historical fact, research the period beforehand so your drawing and dialogue will be accurate. Likewise, if your manga is set in an imaginary world and based...

True lengths and auxiliary views

How Draw Auxiliary Drawings

An isometric view of a rectangular block is shown in Fig. 11.1. The corners of the block are used to position a line DF in space. Three orthographic views in firstangle projection are given in Fig. 11.2, and it will be apparent that the projected length of the line DF in each of the views will be equal in length to the diagonals across each of the rectangular faces. A cross check with the isometric view will clearly show that the true length of line DF must be greater than any of the diagonals...

Drawing Cylindrical Objects

Drawing Cylinder And Eye Level

After doing so many drawings with straight lines, you can probably do them now with ease and confidence. They'll become still easier as you continue with future projects. But if you're to draw objects based on the cylinder, the cone, or the sphere, you must also practice drawing the curved lines that form them. Hold your pencil still the ordinary office kind in the position you prefer the usual writing one, or under your palm. Swing your arm from your elbow, and even from the shoulder, if you...

75 Beautiful Mehndi Designs Henna Hand Art

Mehndi designs or Henna is a very famous art among women in Asian countries of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Middle East. Mehndi has been traditionally practiced in Indian subcontinent. It is applied during Hindu festivals like Karva Chauth, Vat Purnima, Diwali, Bhai Dooj , Teej and by Musilms on Eid-ul-Fitr and Eid-ul-Adha. Any wedding in Indian subcontinent is incomplete without Mehndi ceremony.

30 Ncie Female Rib Tattoos

The rib is an area of the body with many symbolic meanings. Perhaps the most famous (at least in Western cultures) is the Lord taking a piece of Adam's rib to create Eve. Along with the metaphorical implications, the rib is also a great place to get tattoos. Female rib tattoos are becoming more popular and it would not be surprising to see more of them in the coming years.

Enlarging and reducing plane figures and equivalent areas

Areas Plane Figures

Beginning at R. draw the sides of the larger figure parallel to the sides of the original smaller figure. This construction works equally well for reducing the size of a plane figure. Fig. 7 2 shows an irregular hexagon reduced to 4 9 its original size. These constructions are practical only if the figure which has to be enlarged or reduced has straight sides. If the outline is irregular, a different approach is needed. Fig. 7 3 shows the face of a down in two sizes, one twice that of the...

Why are first and third angle projections so named

First Angle And Third Angle

The terms first angle projection and third angle projection may seem like complicated terms but the reason for their naming is connected with geometry. Figure 2.15 shows four angles given by the planes OA, OB, OC and OD. When a part is placed in any of the four quadrants, its outline can be projected onto any of the vertical or horizontal planes. These projections are produced by viewing the parts either from the right-hand side or from above as shown by the arrows in the diagram. In first...

Freehand Drawing Exercises

Freehand Exercises Lines And Circles

D gt gt t gt t gt OM gt M gt t gt t gt t gt l gt an It looks so easy, doesn't it But just try to repeat the various figures carefully and very evenly on your exercise space J j o o tnr o r i o i i o 7 o e j o c i o c n o t The following repeat exercises show that your eye is already capable of anticipating and visualizing the correct lines in advance. With each exercise you will become aware of the countless possible variations Your free choice of these possibilities will now rapidly grow and...

40 Sister Tattoos Ideas

Tattoos can express individual passions, yet they are just as often used to unite two or more people. Sisters share one of the strongest bonds in the world. Their relationship can be riddled with its fair share of fights and annoyances, but the bond will remain. More and more sisters are finding that tattoos are the perfect way to illustrate their love for one another. Sister tattoos ideas are numerous. They could each have a quote from their favorite childhood story across their forearms.

Isometric Scales

Which the contiguous sides of a cube assume to the vertical plane, when it is resting upon one of its corners and the diagonal line joining the corners is horizontal. This position is shown by the cube drawn in Fig. 3, page 83, and the lozenge representing the upper surface of the cube differs considerably from the square, which is its actual or orthographic projection, as shown in juxtaposition in dotted lines. This figure will explain why a true isometric drawing is smaller than the object it...

Righthand cylindrical helix

Surface Development Cylinder

The helix is a curve generated on the surface of the cylinder by a point which revolves uniformly around the cylinder and at the same time either up or down its surface. The method of construction is shown in Fig. 1 Draw the front elevation and plan views of the cylinder, and divide the plan view into a convenient number of parts say 12 and number them as shown. 2 Project the points from the circumference of the base up to the front elevation. 3 Divide the lead into the same number of parts as...

Start with a Humanshaped Figure onhe parts of the body wh

Body Drawing

You are free to choose the size, shape and balance of the parts. Drawing squarish parts will make it look more like a robot, i.e., man-made. Draw joints in a way that makes it look like there are mechanical parts inside. Small, evenly spaced circles resemble rivets. Draw Robot-like Figures Using Only Basic Parts. Draw big, bold joints. Give the surface a strong metallic contrast. Example of finished block. Apply tone and plane. A square part becomes a metallic looking cube wher the corners are...

Human Child Body

Child Body Drawing

A baby's body features very rounded forms that show the folds of every joint. A child's head begins with two ovals, one for the upper skull, and another for the jaw and cheeks. As the child's body develops, the middle of the body descends. The middle of a baby's body is located at the navel, whereas the middle of a twelve-year-old's body is slightly above the pubic area. As the child's body develops, the middle of the body descends. The middle of a baby's body is located at the navel, whereas...

Transparent Objects

Decanter Coloured Pencil

When you draw something transparent, you render everything that reflects off it, rather than the actual object. Instead of visualizing these objects asclear,think of them as a shiny surface that reflects shapes and tone to create different patterns. Experiment with drawing glass objects by placing them with various light sources and viewing them from multiple positions. Once you get used to viewing glass as patterns of shapes and tones,you'll find there is no end to the possibilities of the...

Jean Piaget

Cat Drawing Scribbling Stage

Piaget's stage theory of cognitive development in children outlined four major stages 1 sensorimotor, 2 preoperational, 3 concrete operations, and 4 formal operations. However, for the purposes of this book I will break down the two phases within the Preoperational stage, as these phases are exceedingly important to the growing child's development. All of these stages not only occur in continuous progressions but allow the individual to interact with the environment with increasing levels of...

Freud And Art Therapy

Anna Freud Child Psychotherapy

Unlike Piaget with his structured stages, Freud viewed his psychosexual stages as overlapping and therefore deficient in organized configuration. His theory is based upon the belief that deprivation of nurturance specifically maternal during infancy results in neurotic difficulties that persist well into adulthood. In a strict sense Freud was not proposing stages in personality development but tracing the vicissitudes of the sexual energy which he posited and termed libido and deemed a...

Finishings And Trimmings

Fashion Design Flat Drawing Skirt

Technically by elements of finishing we understand all of those features that characterize the pattern pleats, flounces, crimping, drapes, necks, pockets . By trimmings we understand the individualization of particular features and accessories which make the item of clothing distinctive and elegant buttonings, lapel facings, seams, buttons, appliqu s, etc. . In the following pages various types of patterns of finishings and trimmings both basic and sophisticated are shown, The examples are...

Star Wars The Clone Wars

How Draw Star Wars The Clone Wars

Start bringing more shapes and details into the piece. The lower lines for the helmet, the break off of the shoulder and chest armor. And you'll notice another eye line slightly under the existing line. Start to really take those bits and pieces and put this puzzle together. The helmet details, as you can see are just a matter of taking what you did in Steps 4 and 5 and filling in the blanks. It is all basic lines and shapes.

Simple Projection

Lettering Drafting Fundamentals

This is a simple but very valuable bit of working practical for such things as lettering in perspec- knowledge, Any drawing or design can be tive, wall and floor designs, or placement of any squared off and projected in perspective on design in any flat plane of your subject, either a vertical or a horizontal plane. This is TO LOCATE. POINT INTHe O ICN, L TTTI .R. THE LI N J IN ONE DIRECTION AND NliMOttt THEM IM THE OTHfiR, THy E3 if 1H F. CENTER OP CIRCLE. TO LOCATE. POINT INTHe O ICN, L TTTI...

Your Learningto Draw Cheat Sheet

Drawing Cheat Sheets

We thought it might be helpful to have a cheat sheet, with all the rules in one place, so we created this Learning to Draw Cheat Sheet, which also appears on the tear-out card inside the front cover of this book. You can paste this list inside the cover of your sketchbook or tack it up on the wall near your drawing table, referring to it as you work. Meanwhile, you'll always be able to find it right here, in case that tear card gets too dogeared from constant use 1. Take yourself and your work...

Boughs Limbs And Foreshortening

Foreshortening Tutorial

As a tree grows, it sends out boughs, branches and smaller growth that diminish in width as they grow. Therefore, when you sketch a bough coming from a trunk, remember not to make it the same thickness as the trunk. The same principle applies to branches from boughs and to smaller growth, like twigs, from branches. In the bottom drawing, you see a branch that appears to grow from the tree toward you. This is called foreshortening. You can create the illusion of foreshortening by making the...

Anime Sketches And Drawings

Pic Samurai Anime Realistic

To make the drawing look more Ike a cat girl, one sftoUd draw the fingernails longer. Don't draw the waist to inward or thinner, kee p it n onn ai. Then draining a tail keep it di or t, and don't make it touch the ground. Drawing an elf girl is very common for Japanese artists Drawing an elf girl is just like drawing any female character with some changes. One of the main difference between a normal female character and an elf girl is that the ears are drawn very long and outward from the side....

The drawing register

Sfb Drawing Codes

The drawing register is a key document in the proper organisation of a working drawing project and as such needs to be something rather more than the loose sheet of paper with a scribbled list of drawing numbers and titles which sometimes suffices. After all, it serves a multitude of purposes, being at various times a declaration of intent, a record of performance and, in the event of dispute on abandonment of the project after commencement of the working drawings, possibly a legal document. In...

Distribution Of Masses Of The Head

Face Anatomy Drawings

Four distinct forms compose the masses of the face. They are 1. The forehead, square and passing into the cranium at the top. 2. The cheek-bone region which is flat. 3. An erect, cylindrical form on which are placed the base of the nose and the mouth. 4. The triangular form of the lower jaw. From forehead to chin a face that is not flat either protrudes or recedes, curving outward or inward, alternating as to curves and squares of varied forms. In this respect a face in profile resembles...

25 Nice Samurai Tattoos

The Japanese Samurai is one of the most feared and dangerous warriors in the earth's history. These were elite guards who were lethal with virtually anything at their disposal. They could throw things with deadly accuracy, and when they used a sword let's just say it wasn't pretty to be their opponent. These warriors were trained to win, and win is what they did. Besides being deadly in their actions, their look inspired fear in anyone who encountered them.

Anticipation

Anticipation Action Animation

People in the audience watching an animated scene will not be able to understand the events on the screen unless there is a planned sequence of actions that leads them clearly from one activity to the next. They must be prepared for the next movement and expect it before it actually occurs. This is achieved by preceding each major action with a specific move that anticipates for the audience what is about to happen. This anticipa- tion can be as small as a change of expression or as big as the...

How To Draw Scale 2 Point Perspective

Third Point Drawing

This is the previous top view diagram seen in perspective. So remember THE SPACING USED ALONG THE MEASURING LINE CAN BE AT ANY SCALE. vanishing point FOR object 71 Dividing A Surface Into UNEQUAL Spaces With A Measuring Line And Special Vanishing Point The measuring line method of dividing perspective surfaces may also be used with unequal spaces. Suppose a 2-ft. opening is to be located on a wall, spaced as below. STEP 2 Connect end points to estab lish special vanishing point. STEP 1 Tick off...

25 Cool Snake Tattoos

If would not be a surprise to find out that snake tattoos are the most common kind of body art that has ever been inked. Just think about it. There are so many that use snakes in their body art, not only as the main object of their work, but also as frames and segways to other tattoos that they have. They are such a great muse. Snakes have incredible symbolism and appear in a lot of mythology. The serpent was the very first snake told in a story.

Geometrical constructions and tangency

Circle Centre Engineering

Students will often experience difficulty in handling problems involving two and three dimensional geometrical constructions. The examples in Chapters 9 to 13 are included in order to provide a background in solving engineering problems connected with lines, planes and space. The separate chapters are grouped around applications having similar principles. Copying a selection of these examples on the drawing board or on CAD equipment will certainly enable the reader to gain confidence. It will...

The epicycloid

Technical Drawing Loci

An epicycloid is defined as the locus of a point on the circumference of a circle which rolls without slip around the outside of another circle. The method of construction is shown in Fig. 10.15. 1 Draw the curved surface and the rolling circle, and divide the circle into a convenient number of parts say 6 and number them as shown. Direction of rotation of rolling circle Direction of rotation of rolling circle 2 Calculate the length of the circumference of the smaller and the larger circle, and...

Starting with circles

Big Spectacles Cartoon Characters

If you're an avid reader or fan of comics, you know that most cartoon figures are short and small with a slightly large head. You see this in many classic comic strip characters, like Charlie Brown and Snoopy from Peanuts and Calvin from Calvin and Hobbes. Most of the modern cartoon characters on TV also have this type of body design. Drawing a classic cartoon body begins with sketching a basic shape, either a circle or an oval, and building on it. Classic cartoon characters are often kids, and...

Draw Manga Body Tutorial

Drawing Manga Characters High Angle

Finalizing the shape of the head makes it easy to give shape to the hair. When drawing human heads, the outline of the hair can be shaped along the outline of the head. When the arrows are short, the result is childlike hair. When the arrows are long, the result is hair with volume. It is difficult to draw characters viewed from above. Create pictures while looking at reference photographs. Scenes viewed from above are known as a bird's-eye view - 'fukan' in Japanese. Scenes viewed from below...

Draw Motor In Manga

How Drawing Motorcycle

A -, -. ' '' '' ' < ' ' v ' a No matter what the model of the car, the fundamental shape can be formed from a box. Lines that arrange the position of the side view mirrors. and look att balance on the nght and left. Combine the perspective taking into consideration the unseen areas. and look att balance on the nght and left. Lines that arrange the position of the side view mirrors. First, roughly give shape to the overall balance with a box. Combine the perspective taking into consideration...

35 Cool Lion Tattoos

Lions are one of the most revered animals in nature. They are strong and courageous. The king of the jungle will risk his life fighting enemies for the sake of the pride. Cultures from all over the world have idolized lions for their strength and majestic beauty. Lions have been the subject of many works of art, including fables and legends found in both literary and religious texts. In modern folklore, lions are featured in documentaries and children's animation.

Drawing Horses

Clydesdale Drawings

To begin, the artist drew in the outline of the animal. Then he marked j a few indentations to indicate bone or muscle groupings such as in the , shoulders and the point of the hip. He ' took care to show the shapes of the tail and the forelock and the placement of the eyes and nostrils. He marked off the junction of the hairline and hoofs, and he showed the protrusion of the elbow. 2. At this stage the artist established the light source and placed the shaded areas lightly on the right side...

20 Cool Nurse Tattoos

Tattoos continue to be the newest and most lovely way of expressing inner affections towards certain things, or perhaps marking some permanent change in life. While tattoos continue to gain prominence as well as general social acceptance in life, you have to consider a few things if you are looking for nurse tattoos to imprint on your body. Nurse tattoos are very exciting, interesting, sexy and so beautiful to look at.

24 Cool Lightning & High Voltage Tattoos

Electricity and lightning are two very powerful forces on earth. Many like the look of lightning and how destructive and awesome it can look. There is great symbolism in the lightning bolt that makes it the perfect muse. There are lots of people who see the power of electricity and decide that high voltage tattoos are the perfect body art for them. It is the danger of high voltage that makes it so special. Think about where you see high voltage signs.

Male and female bodies

How Draw Skeleton Male

Everything you've seen so far applies to both sexes. Although the illustrations show a skeleton with male proportions, the blueprint is the same for women. There is some overlap in the range of characteristics between the sexes, so keep in mind that everything you read here only applies to the average guy or gal. You'll find exceptions to every rule. Women have less muscle mass, and I'm probably risking my life by saying this more fat. Everybody stores fat almost all around their body, with a...

Modified Contour Drawing of your hand

How Draw Hands Holding Objects

Several sheets of the smaller drawing paper Your graphite stick and some paper napkins or paper towels Your 2 writing pencil or your 4 B drawing pencil, sharpened The Viewfinder you used for your drawing on the Picture Plane An hour of uninterrupted time Before you begin Please read through all of the instructions. In this drawing, we are modifying the instructions for Pure Contour Drawing. You will sit in a normal position and therefore be able to glance at your drawing to monitor its...

Find the Gesture of the Pose Quick Sketches

Human Body Positions Drawing

To draw the human figure convincingly, you must be aware of the gesture, or the movement, or position of the body. This gesture gives movement and direction to your drawing, which makes it appear more lifelike. Observing the gesture carefully helps you to understand the placement of the spine, which serves as the center of movement for the whole body. You can also think of this in the opposite way Observe the placement of the spine, and you will understand the gesture. This quick sketch...

Punching Pencil Drawing

How Draw Human Body Motion

gt ,', . '.ViViVtV gt 'v i .'. v Contrasting objects like cars, desks, etc., add visual direction to height and width in an open space. Changing the direction of the attacked-character's face and torso can emphasize the speed of the punch. 2. Attacking Diagonally from Below and Upward Changing the direction of the attacked-character's face and torso can emphasize the speed of the punch. Finally, the character looses his balance and falls over. First of all. the direction of the face changes...

Human Bodies In Motion Punch In The Face

Drawing Bodies Motion

Change the direction of the face and body Only the direction of the face changes while the body still remains facing forward. However, the impact will cause the body to lean a little towards the opposite side that was hit. A long, wind-up variation. Bending the attacked-character's body like a bow, lets the reader imagine that the blow delivered to the chin was powerful enough to raise the entire weight of the body. Be sure and show the attacked-character's jaw even if attacked directly from...

Rule Of Proportion the human body

Fashion Design Sketch Model Outlines

1 The head measures one-eighth of the height of the body and therefore constitutes a unit of measure. 2 The distance between the temples forms the basis of the width of a shoulder from the base of the neck to the shoulder joint AB a'b' . 3 When the figure is viewed from the front, the median axis divides the figure perfectly in half. 4 The shoulders are as wide as the pelvis, the waist two-thirds of the width of the shoulders, 5 The shoulders are drown extending beyond the upper body, with the...

The Open Drawing

In suggesting the form instead of explaining it completely, the open drawing requires a more poetic treatment, allowing the spectator to complete it in her own imagination. The open drawing, through its brevity and immediacy, can also be a medium for crystallizing ideas. It is accomplished by suggesting certain areas rather than completing them, subtracting a fragment of the drawing for the purpose of interesting the viewer or drawing her attention toward that point and allowing her imagination...

Drawing Chrrrcter Bodies

Anime Male Body Scale

The perspective method is illustrated below. Let's try to place the character in the box, using the bottom as the ground. Let's try to place the character in the box, using the bottom as the ground. The basic body is the skeletal structure and the nude. Aim to be able to sense the space of the body in trying to draw these basics. By Yu Kinutani Media Works Dengeki Comics EX from Angei Arm Let's find out about drawing a box based on the perspective drawing method. It is not necessary to be...

The Line Between The Lips

Men Lips Drawing

It has a well-developed central dip and a distinct break between peaks and legs. Note that the end of LBL is on same level as middle of LBL this is true unless the head is tipped. Not quite as straight as it looks. Really a flattened version of Cupid's bow dip and two peaks still present just barely. The three-part pattern of lips goes back to the development of the embryo and is present in every mouth. The arch shape is really another variation of the Cupid's bow, with...

Geometric tolerance classes

Example Engineering Symbol Concentricity

The table in Figure 5.13 has shown the various classes of geometrical tolerance. These are only a selection of the most commonly used ones. The full set is given in ISO 1101 2002. Row 1 in the table in Figure 5.13 refers to 'GTs of straightness'. The symbol for straightness is a small straight line as is seen in the final column of the table. An example of straightness is seen in Figure At the periphery of the section, run-out is not to exceed 0,15 measured normal to the toleranced surface over...

65 Beautiful Lock & Key Tattoos

Is there anything more symbolic in life than a key A key can symbolize so many things. The key to a person's heart. The key to success. The key to solving a problem in life. The key to unlock the beast in us all. Keys have been utilized to symbolize so much. It is for this very reason that key tattoos are so great. They are so perfect in symbolizing what a person may want to say about themselves.

Ambient and reflected light

Highlights Lighting Drawing Human

So far, we have been dealing with only one light source. In the world around us, such a situation is very rare. Objects are usually illuminated from nearly all around, with light of different colors. Take an outdoor scene. The most obvious source would be the sun, which emits an almost white light. But there's also the light from the sky, basically a dome that casts a weaker, blueish light on everything from all around. Figure 5.13. Direct sunlight and ambient skylight Combined, this will...

26 Nice Horse Tattoos

Horses have important significance in many cultures, and also are just beautiful animals that have touched the lives of so many. For generations people have loved to watch cowboys and Indians riding on horses, and have imagined driving their own team of horses in an ancient Roman chariot race. They are simply beautiful and have such spirit to them. That spirit and grandeur can also be captured in horse tattoos .

41 Cute Cat Tattoos Design

It does not matter if you are talking about your cute little kitty or a ferocious lion, cats are great animals that everyone seems to love. They also have great symbolism to them. A lion is king. A cheetah is fast. A cougar is sleek and deceptive. Cats are also dorky and fun, like Garfield or Top Cat. There are so many great stories related to cats. As a result of this, cat tattoos are as common as cats in a house.

Assembly drawings

Technical Drawing Bolt

Machines and mechanisms consist of numerous parts, and a drawing which shows the complete product with all its components in their correct physical relationship is known as an assembly drawing. A drawing which gives a small part of the whole assembly is known as a sub-assembly drawing. A sub-assembly may in fact be a complete unit in itself for example, a drawing of a clutch could be considered as a sub-assembly of a drawing showing a complete automobile engine. The amount of information given...